.. note::

    Hello, welcome to the SunFounder Raspberry Pi & Arduino & ESP32 Enthusiasts Community on Facebook! Dive deeper into Raspberry Pi, Arduino, and ESP32 with fellow enthusiasts.

    **Why Join?**

    - **Expert Support**: Solve post-sale issues and technical challenges with help from our community and team.
    - **Learn & Share**: Exchange tips and tutorials to enhance your skills.
    - **Exclusive Previews**: Get early access to new product announcements and sneak peeks.
    - **Special Discounts**: Enjoy exclusive discounts on our newest products.
    - **Festive Promotions and Giveaways**: Take part in giveaways and holiday promotions.

    👉 Ready to explore and create with us? Click [|link_sf_facebook|] and join today!

.. _py_bubble_level:

7.12 Digital Bubble Level
============================


A `bubble Level <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spirit_level>`_, is an instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is horizontal (level) or vertical (plumb). There are different types of spirit levels used by carpenters, stonemasons, bricklayers, other building trades workers, surveyors, millwrights, and other metalworkers, as well as in some photographic and videographic work.

Here we make a digital bubble level using MPU6050 and 8x8 LED matrix. When you deflect the MPU6050, the bubble on the LED matrix will also be deflected.



**Schematic**

|sch_bubble_level|

The MPU6050 takes the acceleration values in each direction and calculates the attitude angle.

As a result, the program draws a 2x2 dot on the dot matrix based on data from the two 74HC595 chips.

As the attitude angle changes, the program sends different data to the 74HC595 chips, and the position of the dot changes, creating a bubble effect.

**Wiring**


|wiring_digital_bubble_level| 


**Code**


.. note::

    * Open the ``7.12_digital_bubble_level.py`` file under the path of ``euler-kit/micropython`` or copy this code into Thonny, then click "Run Current Script" or simply press F5 to run it.
    * Don't forget to click on the "MicroPython (Raspberry Pi Pico)" interpreter in the bottom right corner. 

    * For detailed tutorials, please refer to :ref:`open_run_code_py`.
    * Here you need to use the ``imu.py`` and ``vector3d.py``, please check if it has been uploaded to Pico, for a detailed tutorial refer to :ref:`add_libraries_py`.


.. code-block:: python

    import machine
    from machine import I2C, Pin
    import time
    import math
    from imu import MPU6050


    ### mpu6050
    i2c = I2C(1, sda=Pin(6), scl=Pin(7), freq=400000)
    mpu = MPU6050(i2c)

    # get rotary angle
    def dist(a,b):
        return math.sqrt((a*a)+(b*b))

    def get_y_rotation(x,y,z):
        radians = math.atan2(x, dist(y,z))
        return -math.degrees(radians)

    def get_x_rotation(x,y,z):
        radians = math.atan2(y, dist(x,z))
        return math.degrees(radians)

    def get_angle():
        y_angle=get_y_rotation(mpu.accel.x, mpu.accel.y, mpu.accel.z) 
        x_angle=get_x_rotation(mpu.accel.x, mpu.accel.y, mpu.accel.z) 
        return x_angle,y_angle

    ### led matrix display
    sdi = machine.Pin(18,machine.Pin.OUT)
    rclk = machine.Pin(19,machine.Pin.OUT)
    srclk = machine.Pin(20,machine.Pin.OUT)

    def hc595_in(dat):
        for bit in range(7,-1, -1):
            srclk.low()
            time.sleep_us(30)
            sdi.value(1 & (dat >> bit))
            time.sleep_us(30)
            srclk.high()

    def hc595_out():
        rclk.high()
        time.sleep_us(200)
        rclk.low()

    def display(glyph):
        for i in range(0,8):
            hc595_in(glyph[i])
            hc595_in(0x80>>i)
            hc595_out()

    # data transformation
    def matrix_2_glyph(matrix):
        glyph= [0 for i in range(8)] # glyph code for display()
        for i in range(8):
            for j in range(8):
                glyph[i]+=matrix[i][j]<<j
        return glyph

    def clamp_number(val, min, max):
        return min if val < min else max if val > max else val

    def interval_mapping(x, in_min, in_max, out_min, out_max):
        return (x - in_min) * (out_max - out_min) / (in_max - in_min) + out_min

    # Calculate the position of the bubble
    sensitivity=4          # The higher the number, the more sensitive
    matrix_range=7         # The size of the matrix is 8, so the coordinate range is 0~7
    point_range=matrix_range-1     # The x, y value of the bubble's marker point (upper left point) should be between 0-6
    def bubble_position():
        x,y=get_angle()
        x=int(clamp_number(interval_mapping(x,-90,90,0-sensitivity,point_range+sensitivity),0,point_range))
        y=int(clamp_number(interval_mapping(y,-90,90,point_range+sensitivity,0-sensitivity),0,point_range))
        return [x,y]

    # Drop the bubble into empty matrix
    def drop_bubble(matrix,bubble):
        matrix[bubble[0]][bubble[1]]=0
        matrix[bubble[0]+1][bubble[1]]=0
        matrix[bubble[0]][bubble[1]+1]=0
        matrix[bubble[0]+1][bubble[1]+1]=0
        return matrix

    while True:
        matrix= [[1 for i in range(8)] for j in range(8)]  # empty matrix
        bubble=bubble_position() # bubble coordinate
        matrix=drop_bubble(matrix,bubble) # drop the bubble into empty matrix
        display(matrix_2_glyph(matrix)) # show matrix

Once you have run the program, place the breadboard on a level surface.
A dot will appear in the center of the LED matrix (if it isn't in the center, the MPU6050 may not be level).
When you deflect the breadboard, the dot will move in the direction you deflected.